Nausea and vomiting (peds)
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Background
Clinical Features
Differential Diagnosis
Peds
| Newborn | |
| Obstructive intestinal anomalies | Esophageal stenosis/atresia, pyloric stenosis, intestinal stenosis/atresia, malrotation ± volvulus, incarcerated hernia, meconium ileus/plug, Hirschsprung disease, imperforate anus, enteric duplications |
| Neurologic | Intracranial bleed/mass, hydrocephalus, cerebral edema, kernicterus |
| Renal | Urinary tract infection, obstructive uropathy, renal insufficiency |
| Infectious | Viral illness, gastroenteritis, meningitis, sepsis |
| Metabolic/endocrine | Inborn errors of metabolism (urea cycle, amino/organic acid, carbohydrate), congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
| Miscellaneous | Ileus, gastroesophageal reflux, necrotizing enterocolitis, milk allergy, GI perforation |
| Infant (<12 mo) | |
| Obstructive intestinal anomalies | Pyloric stenosis, malrotation ± volvulus, incarcerated hernia, Hirschsprung disease, enteric duplications, intussusception, foreign body, bezoars, Meckel diverticulum |
| Neurologic | Intracranial bleed/mass, hydrocephalus, cerebral edema |
| Renal | Urinary tract infection, obstructive uropathy, renal insufficiency |
| Infectious | Viral illness, gastroenteritis, meningitis, sepsis, otitis media, pneumonia, pertussis, hepatitis |
| Metabolic/endocrine | Inborn errors of metabolism, adrenal insufficiency, renal tubular acidosis |
| Miscellaneous | Ileus, gastroesophageal reflux, post-tussive, peritonitis, drug overdose |
| Child (>12 mo) | |
| Obstructive intestinal anomalies | Malrotation ± volvulus, incarcerated hernia, Hirschsprung disease, intussusception, foreign body, bezoars, Meckel diverticulum, acquired esophageal stricture, peptic ulcer disease, adhesions, superior mesenteric artery syndrome |
| Neurologic | Intracranial bleed/mass, cerebral edema, postconcussive, migraine |
| Renal | Urinary tract infection, obstructive uropathy, renal insufficiency |
| Infectious | Viral illness, gastroenteritis, meningitis, sepsis, otitis media, pneumonia, hepatitis, streptococcal pharyngitis |
| Metabolic/endocrine | Inborn errors of metabolism, adrenal insufficiency, renal tubular acidosis, diabetes mellitus, Reye syndrome, porphyria |
| Miscellaneous | Ileus, gastroesophageal reflux, post-tussive, peritonitis, drug overdose, appendicitis, pancreatitis, gastritis, Crohn disease, pregnancy, psychogenic, cyclic vomiting syndrome |