Head trauma (main): Difference between revisions
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== Background == | == Background == | ||
*Classification based on [[GCS]] | *Classification based on [[GCS]] | ||
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==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*Pretreatment w/ lidocaine has not been shown to improve outcomes | *Pretreatment w/ lidocaine has not been shown to improve outcomes | ||
*[[Seizure Prophylaxis in Head Trauma]] | |||
*[[Management of Elevated Intracranial Pressure]] | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Pediatric head trauma]] | *[[Pediatric head trauma]] | ||
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[[Category:Trauma]] | [[Category:Trauma]] | ||
[[Category:Neuro]] | [[Category:Neuro]] | ||
Revision as of 19:19, 10 January 2015
Background
- Classification based on GCS
- 14-15: Mild
- 9-13: Moderate
- 3-8: Severe
Diagnosis
- Monitor for increased ICP
- HA, N/V, sz, lethargy, HTN, bradycardia, agonal respirations, posturing
- Monitor for herniation
- Ipsilateral fixed and dilated pupil
- Contralateral motor paralysis
- B/l pinpoint pupils suggests opiate use or pontine lesion
Workup
- Consider brain CT to rule out intracranial hemorrhage
- Consider facial/orbital CT
Differential Diagnosis
Intracranial Hemorrhage Types
- Intra-axial
- Hemorrhagic stroke (Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage)
- Traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage
- Extra-axial
- Epidural hemorrhage
- Subdural hemorrhage
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage (aneurysmal intracranial hemorrhage)
Concussion
Maxillofacial Trauma
- Ears
- Nose
- Oral
- Other face
- Zygomatic arch fracture
- Zygomaticomaxillary (tripod) fracture
- Related
Management
- Pretreatment w/ lidocaine has not been shown to improve outcomes
- Seizure Prophylaxis in Head Trauma
- Management of Elevated Intracranial Pressure